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diff --git a/content/docs/protocols.md b/content/docs/protocols.md index d7d364f..4bfca46 100644 --- a/content/docs/protocols.md +++ b/content/docs/protocols.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ --- -title: "Packet network protocols" +title: "Ouroboros packet network protocols" author: "Dimitri Staessens" description: "protocols" date: 2019-09-06 @@ -7,79 +7,7 @@ date: 2019-09-06 draft: false --- -# Network protocols - -Packet switched networks move data between two applications using -_network protocols_, which specify where to move the data and how to -do it. The Internet famously uses the Internet Protocol, IP (versions -4 and 6, which are mutually incompatible, so in essence, there is not -a single Internet, there are two!) as the network protocol that -specifies how to move packets from point _A_ to point _B_. - -In order to move a packet from _A_ to _B_, each intermediate node _C_ -in the network will investigate the packet header and, based on the -destination address, forward the packet onward until it reaches _B_. - -The IPv4 protocol is specified in -[RFC791](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791), and its _header_ is -shown here: - -``` - 0 1 2 3 - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |Version| IHL |Type of Service| Total Length | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Identification |Flags| Fragment Offset | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Time to Live | Protocol | Header Checksum | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Source Address | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Destination Address | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Options | Padding | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ -``` - -The IPv6 protocol is specified in -[RFC2460](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2460), and its header format -is: - -``` - 0 1 2 3 - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - |Version| Traffic Class | Flow Label | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Payload Length | Next Header | Hop Limit | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | - + + - | | - + Source Address + - | | - + + - | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | | - + + - | | - + Destination Address + - | | - + + - | | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - -``` - -For a detailed description of what all the fields in this protocol -mean, we gladly refer you to the RFCs or the wikipedia pages ( -[IPv4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4) and -[IPv6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6)). - -The most interesting fact about the jump from IPv4 to IPv6 is that the -protocol got noticeably _simpler_. +# Network protocol As Ouroboros tries to preserve privacy as much as possible, it has an *absolutely minimal network protocol*: @@ -133,39 +61,11 @@ The 5 fields in the Ouroboros network protocol are: similar to an ephemeral port. However, in Ouroboros there is no hardcoded or standardized mapping of an EID to an application. -# Transport protocols +# Transport protocol Packet switched networks use transport protocols on top of their [network protocols](/docs/network_protocols) in order to deal with -lost or corrupted packets. IP has the Transport Control Protocol (TCP) -that takes care of things when IP packets get lost. TCP also does some -other neat things, like making sure that a client does not send faster -than a server can process (_flow control_); and making sure that the -network doesn't get overwhelmed by its users (_congestion control_). - -The TCP protocol is specified in -[RFC793](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc793), and its _header_ is -shown here: - -``` - 0 1 2 3 - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Source Port | Destination Port | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Sequence Number | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Acknowledgment Number | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Data | |U|A|P|R|S|F| | - | Offset| Reserved |R|C|S|S|Y|I| Window | - | | |G|K|H|T|N|N| | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Checksum | Urgent Pointer | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ - | Options | Padding | - +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ -``` +lost or corrupted packets. The Ouroboros Transport protocol (called the _Flow and Retransmission Control Protocol_, FRCP) has only 4 fields: |