lib: Complete retransmission logic

This completes the retransmission (automated repeat-request, ARQ)
logic, sending (delayed) ACK messages when needed.

On deallocation, flows will ACK try to retransmit any remaining
unacknowledged messages (unless the FRCTFLINGER flag is turned off;
this is on by default). Applications can safely shut down as soon as
everything is ACK'd (i.e. the current Delta-t run is done). The
activity timeout is now passed to the IPCP for it to sleep before
completing deallocation (and releasing the flow_id). That should be
moved to the IRMd in due time.

The timerwheel is revised to be multi-level to reduce memory
consumption. The resolution bumps by a factor of 1 << RXMQ_BUMP (16)
and each level has RXMQ_SLOTS (1 << 8) slots.  The lowest level has a
resolution of (1 << RXMQ_RES) (20) ns, which is roughly a
millisecond. Currently, 3 levels are defined, so the largest delay we
can schedule at each level is:

Level 0: 256ms
Level 1: 4s
Level 2: about a minute.

Signed-off-by: Dimitri Staessens <dimitri@ouroboros.rocks>
Signed-off-by: Sander Vrijders <sander@ouroboros.rocks>

1 files changed, 409 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/lib/timerwheel.c b/src/lib/timerwheel.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..33fcbc1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/timerwheel.c
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+/*
+ * Ouroboros - Copyright (C) 2016 - 2020
+ *
+ * Timerwheel
+ *
+ *    Dimitri Staessens <dimitri.staessens@ugent.be>
+ *    Sander Vrijders   <sander.vrijders@ugent.be>
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., http://www.fsf.org/about/contact/.
+ */
+
+#include <ouroboros/list.h>
+
+#define RXMQ_SLOTS (1 << 8)           /* #slots / level.           */
+#define RXMQ_LVLS  3                  /* #levels, bump for DTN.    */
+#define RXMQ_BUMP  4                  /* factor to bump lvl.       */
+#define RXMQ_RES   20                 /* res (ns) of lowest lvl.   */
+
+#define ACKQ_SLOTS (1 << 7)           /* #slots for delayed ACK.   */
+#define ACKQ_RES   20                 /* resolution for dACK.      */
+
+/* Overflow limits range to about 6 hours. */
+#define ts_to_ns(ts) (ts.tv_sec * BILLION + ts.tv_nsec)
+#define ts_to_rxm_slot(ts) (ts_to_ns(ts) >> RXMQ_RES)
+#define ts_to_ack_slot(ts) (ts_to_ns(ts) >> ACKQ_RES)
+
+struct rxm {
+        struct list_head     next;
+        uint32_t             seqno;
+        struct shm_du_buff * sdb;
+        uint8_t *            head;
+        uint8_t *            tail;
+        time_t               t0;      /* Time when original was sent (us). */
+        size_t               mul;     /* RTO multiplier.                   */
+        struct frcti *       frcti;
+        int                  fd;
+        int                  flow_id; /* Prevent rtx when fd reused.       */
+};
+
+struct ack {
+        struct list_head next;
+        struct frcti *   frcti;
+        int              fd;
+        int              flow_id;
+};
+
+struct {
+        /*
+         * At a 1 ms min resolution, every level bumps the
+         * resolution by a factor of 16.
+         */
+        struct list_head rxms[RXMQ_LVLS][RXMQ_SLOTS];
+
+        struct list_head acks[ACKQ_SLOTS];
+        bool             map[ACKQ_SLOTS][PROG_MAX_FLOWS];
+
+        size_t           prv_rxm; /* Last processed rxm slot at lvl 0. */
+        size_t           prv_ack; /* Last processed ack slot.          */
+        pthread_mutex_t  lock;
+} rw;
+
+static void timerwheel_fini(void)
+{
+        size_t             i;
+        size_t             j;
+        struct list_head * p;
+        struct list_head * h;
+
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&rw.lock);
+
+        for (i = 0; i < RXMQ_LVLS; ++i) {
+                for (j = 0; j < RXMQ_SLOTS; j++) {
+                        list_for_each_safe(p, h, &rw.rxms[i][j]) {
+                                struct rxm * rxm;
+                                rxm = list_entry(p, struct rxm, next);
+                                list_del(&rxm->next);
+                                shm_du_buff_ack(rxm->sdb);
+                                ipcp_sdb_release(rxm->sdb);
+                                free(rxm);
+                        }
+                }
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i < ACKQ_SLOTS; ++i) {
+                list_for_each_safe(p, h, &rw.acks[i]) {
+                        struct ack * a = list_entry(p, struct ack, next);
+                        list_del(&a->next);
+                        free(a);
+                }
+        }
+
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&rw.lock);
+
+        pthread_mutex_destroy(&rw.lock);
+}
+
+static int timerwheel_init(void)
+{
+        struct timespec   now;
+        size_t            i;
+        size_t            j;
+
+        if (pthread_mutex_init(&rw.lock, NULL))
+                return -1;
+
+        clock_gettime(PTHREAD_COND_CLOCK, &now);
+
+        rw.prv_rxm = (ts_to_rxm_slot(now) - 1) & (RXMQ_SLOTS - 1);
+        for (i = 0; i < RXMQ_LVLS; ++i) {
+                for (j = 0; j < RXMQ_SLOTS; ++j)
+                        list_head_init(&rw.rxms[i][j]);
+        }
+
+        rw.prv_ack = (ts_to_ack_slot(now) - 1) & (ACKQ_SLOTS - 1);
+        for (i = 0; i < ACKQ_SLOTS; ++i)
+                list_head_init(&rw.acks[i]);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static void timerwheel_move(void)
+{
+        struct timespec    now;
+        struct list_head * p;
+        struct list_head * h;
+        size_t             rxm_slot;
+        size_t             ack_slot;
+        size_t             i;
+        size_t             j;
+
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&rw.lock);
+
+        pthread_cleanup_push((void (*) (void *)) pthread_mutex_unlock,
+                             (void *) &rw.lock);
+
+        clock_gettime(PTHREAD_COND_CLOCK, &now);
+
+        rxm_slot = ts_to_ns(now) >> RXMQ_RES;
+        j = rw.prv_rxm;
+        rw.prv_rxm = rxm_slot & (RXMQ_SLOTS - 1);
+
+        for (i = 0; i < RXMQ_LVLS; ++i) {
+                size_t j_max_slot = rxm_slot & (RXMQ_SLOTS - 1);
+                if (j_max_slot < j)
+                        j_max_slot += RXMQ_SLOTS;
+
+                while (j++ < j_max_slot) {
+                        list_for_each_safe(p,
+                                           h,
+                                           &rw.rxms[i][j & (RXMQ_SLOTS - 1)]) {
+                                struct rxm *         r;
+                                struct frct_cr *     snd_cr;
+                                struct frct_cr *     rcv_cr;
+                                size_t               rslot;
+                                ssize_t              idx;
+                                struct shm_du_buff * sdb;
+                                uint8_t *            head;
+                                struct flow *        f;
+                                uint32_t             snd_lwe;
+                                uint32_t             rcv_lwe;
+                                time_t               rto;
+
+                                r = list_entry(p, struct rxm, next);
+
+                                list_del(&r->next);
+
+                                snd_cr = &r->frcti->snd_cr;
+                                rcv_cr = &r->frcti->rcv_cr;
+                                f      = &ai.flows[r->fd];
+
+                                shm_du_buff_ack(r->sdb);
+
+                                if (f->frcti == NULL
+                                    || f->flow_id != r->flow_id) {
+                                        ipcp_sdb_release(r->sdb);
+                                        free(r);
+                                        continue;
+                                }
+
+                                pthread_rwlock_wrlock(&r->frcti->lock);
+
+                                snd_lwe = snd_cr->lwe;
+                                rcv_lwe = rcv_cr->lwe;
+                                rto     = r->frcti->rto;
+
+                                pthread_rwlock_unlock(&r->frcti->lock);
+
+                                /* Has been ack'd, remove. */
+                                if ((int) (r->seqno - snd_lwe) < 0) {
+                                        ipcp_sdb_release(r->sdb);
+                                        free(r);
+                                        continue;
+                                }
+
+                                /* Check for r-timer expiry. */
+                                if (ts_to_ns(now) - r->t0 > r->frcti->r) {
+                                        ipcp_sdb_release(r->sdb);
+                                        free(r);
+                                        shm_rbuff_set_acl(f->rx_rb,
+                                                          ACL_FLOWDOWN);
+                                        shm_rbuff_set_acl(f->tx_rb,
+                                                          ACL_FLOWDOWN);
+                                        continue;
+                                }
+
+                                if (r->frcti->probe
+                                    && (r->frcti->rttseq + 1) == r->seqno)
+                                        r->frcti->probe = false;
+
+                                /* Copy the data, safe rtx in other layers. */
+                                if (ipcp_sdb_reserve(&sdb, r->tail - r->head)) {
+                                        ipcp_sdb_release(r->sdb);
+                                        free(r);
+                                        shm_rbuff_set_acl(f->rx_rb,
+                                                          ACL_FLOWDOWN);
+                                        shm_rbuff_set_acl(f->tx_rb,
+                                                          ACL_FLOWDOWN);
+                                        continue;
+                                }
+
+                                idx = shm_du_buff_get_idx(sdb);
+
+                                head = shm_du_buff_head(sdb);
+                                memcpy(head, r->head, r->tail - r->head);
+
+                                ipcp_sdb_release(r->sdb);
+
+                                ((struct frct_pci *) head)->ackno =
+                                        hton32(rcv_lwe);
+
+                                /* Retransmit the copy. */
+                                if (shm_rbuff_write_b(f->tx_rb, idx, NULL)) {
+                                        ipcp_sdb_release(sdb);
+                                        free(r);
+                                        shm_rbuff_set_acl(f->rx_rb,
+                                                          ACL_FLOWDOWN);
+                                        shm_rbuff_set_acl(f->tx_rb,
+                                                          ACL_FLOWDOWN);
+                                        continue;
+                                }
+
+                                /* Reschedule. */
+                                shm_du_buff_wait_ack(sdb);
+
+                                shm_flow_set_notify(f->set,
+                                                    f->flow_id,
+                                                    FLOW_PKT);
+
+                                r->head = head;
+                                r->tail = shm_du_buff_tail(sdb);
+                                r->sdb  = sdb;
+                                r->mul++;
+
+                                /* Schedule at least in the next time slot. */
+                                rslot = (rxm_slot
+                                         + MAX(((rto * r->mul) >> RXMQ_RES), 1))
+                                        & (RXMQ_SLOTS - 1);
+
+                                list_add_tail(&r->next, &rw.rxms[i][rslot]);
+                        }
+                }
+                /* Move up a level in the wheel. */
+                rxm_slot >>= RXMQ_BUMP;
+        }
+
+        ack_slot = ts_to_ack_slot(now) & (ACKQ_SLOTS - 1) ;
+
+        j = rw.prv_ack;
+
+        if (ack_slot < j)
+                ack_slot += ACKQ_SLOTS;
+
+        while (j++ < ack_slot) {
+                list_for_each_safe(p, h, &rw.acks[j & (ACKQ_SLOTS - 1)]) {
+                        struct ack *  a;
+                        struct flow * f;
+
+                        a = list_entry(p, struct ack, next);
+
+                        list_del(&a->next);
+
+                        f = &ai.flows[a->fd];
+
+                        rw.map[j & (ACKQ_SLOTS - 1)][a->fd] = false;
+
+                        if (f->flow_id == a->flow_id && f->frcti != NULL)
+                                frct_send_ack(a->frcti);
+
+                        free(a);
+
+                }
+        }
+
+        rw.prv_ack = ack_slot & (ACKQ_SLOTS - 1);
+
+        pthread_cleanup_pop(true);
+}
+
+static int timerwheel_rxm(struct frcti *       frcti,
+                          uint32_t             seqno,
+                          struct shm_du_buff * sdb)
+{
+        struct timespec now;
+        struct rxm *    r;
+        size_t          slot;
+        size_t          lvl = 0;
+        time_t          rto_slot;
+
+        r = malloc(sizeof(*r));
+        if (r == NULL)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        clock_gettime(PTHREAD_COND_CLOCK, &now);
+
+        r->t0    = ts_to_ns(now);
+        r->mul   = 0;
+        r->seqno = seqno;
+        r->sdb   = sdb;
+        r->head  = shm_du_buff_head(sdb);
+        r->tail  = shm_du_buff_tail(sdb);
+        r->frcti = frcti;
+
+        pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&r->frcti->lock);
+
+        rto_slot = frcti->rto >> RXMQ_RES;
+        slot     = r->t0 >> RXMQ_RES;
+
+        r->fd      = frcti->fd;
+        r->flow_id = ai.flows[r->fd].flow_id;
+
+        pthread_rwlock_unlock(&r->frcti->lock);
+
+        while (rto_slot >= RXMQ_SLOTS) {
+                ++lvl;
+                rto_slot >>= RXMQ_BUMP;
+                slot >>= RXMQ_BUMP;
+        }
+
+        if (lvl >= RXMQ_LVLS) { /* Out of timerwheel range. */
+                free(r);
+                return -EPERM;
+        }
+
+        slot = (slot + rto_slot) & (RXMQ_SLOTS - 1);
+
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&rw.lock);
+
+        list_add_tail(&r->next, &rw.rxms[lvl][slot]);
+
+        shm_du_buff_wait_ack(sdb);
+
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&rw.lock);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int timerwheel_ack(int            fd,
+                          struct frcti * frcti)
+{
+        struct timespec now;
+        struct ack *    a;
+        size_t          slot;
+
+        a = malloc(sizeof(*a));
+        if (a == NULL)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        clock_gettime(PTHREAD_COND_CLOCK, &now);
+
+        slot = DELT_ACK >> ACKQ_RES;
+        if (slot >= ACKQ_SLOTS) { /* Out of timerwheel range. */
+                free(a);
+                return -EPERM;
+        }
+
+        slot = (((ts_to_ns(now) + DELT_ACK) >> ACKQ_RES) + 1)
+                & (ACKQ_SLOTS - 1);
+
+        a->fd    = fd;
+        a->frcti = frcti;
+        a->flow_id = ai.flows[fd].flow_id;
+
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&rw.lock);
+
+        if (rw.map[slot][fd]) {
+                pthread_mutex_unlock(&rw.lock);
+                free(a);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        rw.map[slot][fd] = true;
+
+        list_add_tail(&a->next, &rw.acks[slot]);
+
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&rw.lock);
+
+        return 0;
+}